St. Helena is a very interesting figure. The mother of the first Christian emperor, Constantine, she made her pilgrimage to the Holy Land in the years 326-328, and when she was there, built the Church of the Nativity, the Church of the Pater Noster, and the Chapel of the Ascension (or at least their first iterations). She also, according to tradition, built the first Chapel at what would become St. Catherine's Monastery (one of the oldest monastery in the world, and home to the second best collection of ancient manuscripts after the Vatican). Most importantly of all, when she was there, she found the true cross, which she is normally depicted holding.
The statue of St. Helena in St. Peter's Basilica. She's not just there to look pretty. Above her niche is a large statuary reliquary that holds a large piece of the cross she found. |
Diocletian should sound familiar, as he ordered the last great systematic persecution of Christians in the Roman Empire. In fact, because prior persecution was sporadic and Christians were more or less accepted most places, Diocletian's persecution created more martyrs than any prior persecution. There would be a great number of apostasies and would create a vast headache for the early Church about who had remained faithful and what to do with those who hadn't.
The skull of St. Helena in Trier. The veneration of relics and the offering of mass at Saints's tombs experienced a vast increase in popularity as during the Diocletian persecution. |
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